The Philippines has about 330 freshwater fish, including nine endemic genera and more than 65 endemic species, many of which are confined to single lakes.
The Philippines now ranks eighth in the world among leading fishing countries according to the FAO, with a total annual production of around 4.7 million metric tons (mt) of fishery products, including seaweed.
The operations of importance in fish processing are washing, degutting, salting, fermentation, drying, and smoking. These operations contribute to the development of flavor, texture, color, and improved storage characteristics of the products.
Philippines´ Main Exports
- Coconut oil. In 2018, coconut oil from the Philippines dominated the export market with 1.2 million tones ahead of Indonesia's 885,000 tonnes and India's 390, 000 tonnes.
- Petroleum Products.
- Electronic Products.
- Refined Petroleum.
- Cars.
- Office parts and integrated circuits.
The church under Pope Francis would continue to advocate “responsible parenthood via natural family planning,” or abstaining from sex on the most fertile days of a woman's monthly cycle, instead of other methods, he said. Women at the Tondo family planning clinic said this approach had one sure outcome: more babies.
It's no surprise that the local swine industry is one of its most lucrative trades, worth PHP200 billion or USD5 billion and contributing 18.28 percent to the country's agricultural output in 2015, ranking second only to rice and staying way ahead of poultry.
PHASES OF FISH CULTURE •The three major phases of fish culture: fish propagation, fish cultivation, and fish conservation.
Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) is the most cultured freshwater fish in the Philippines, and the tilapia industry provides valuable income and an affordable source of animal protein for the growing population, including many of the 30 million people that FAO estimates depend on agriculture and fishing for a living
Worldwide, the most important fish species used in fish farming are, in order, carp, salmon, tilapia, and catfish.
Furthermore, the price difference between the 250 grams fish over the 450g fish is very insignificant. This is because, Tilapia bigger than 300g each has lesser demand in the Philippines. Unless a lesser cost to produce Tilapia is achieved, the Philippines will never be able to compete for the export of this fish.
Tilapia are mainly freshwater fish inhabiting shallow streams, ponds, rivers, and lakes, and less commonly found living in brackish water. Tilapia is the fourth-most consumed fish in the United States dating back to 2002.
Aquaculture makes use of local photosynthetic production (extensive) or fish that are fed with external food supply (intensive).
- Extensive aquaculture.
- Intensive aquaculture.
- Cage system.
- Irrigation ditch or pond systems.
- Integrated recycling systems.
- Classic fry farming.
- Labeling.
- Inhumane methods.
The earliest form of aquaculture practiced consisted of trapping wild aquatic animals in lagoons, ponds or small shallow lakes, so that they would be available at all times. This method dates back to the Neolithic age, when man started to act on natural resources, namely around 4000 B.C. in Europe.
Here are the various types of aquaculture, as well as their importance.
- Mariculture.
- Fish Farming.
- Algaculture.
- Integrated Multi-Trophic Aquaculture(IMTA)
- Inland Pond Culture.
- Recirculating Systems.
- Open-net pen and Cage Systems.
- Flow-through / Raceway.
Stocking density and ratio. A pond having an average water depth of 2.0-3.0 m can be stocked at the rate of about 5,000 fingerlings/ha. However, it is advocated 6,000-12,000 fingerlings/ha in the pond having an average water depth of about 2.5 m.
Can You Make Money Breeding Fish? The reality is that selling fish from home as a full-time job is not a very profitable venture, and most other careers can make you more money for the same amount of time and effort. Fish farms produce millions of fish and make very slim profits by selling them for less than $1 each.
The Easiest Freshwater Fish to Breed in an Aquarium
- Platies. Another livebearer, platies are nearly as easy as guppies to breed.
- Ameca Splendens. While these fish were once popular in the hobby, they have fallen out of favor in recent years and tend to be difficult to find.
- Convict Cichlids.
- Firemouth Cichlids.
- Kribensis Cichlids.
- Zebra Danios.
The most famous feng shui wealth fish is the arowana, or dragon fish. These fish are known to grow quickly and display dominance, which has led them to symbolize power and abundance. Another popular fish for feng shui is the koi fish.
Species such as shrimp and tilapia have physi- ological adaptations that allow them to consume biofloc and digest microbial protein, thereby taking advantage of biofloc as a food resource. Nearly all biofloc systems are used to grow shrimp, tilapia, or carps.
An efficient catfish farmer today can produce catfish for about $0.98 per pound through traditional catfish agriculture, and catfish are selling for about $1.08 per pound. But newer methods of raising catfish now reduce the costs by about 30 percent, which means you can raise the fish for about $0.75 per pound.
As a rough guide, assuming production of 3000 pounds of catfish per acre sold wholesale to a fish processing plant, at least $3,000 per acre will be required for start up and operating costs. This includes minimal or shared equipment, low cost pond construction, feed and fingerlings.
1.75 lacs by Investment of Rs. 25K Annually. On an average he earns Rs 1.75 lakh from it by incurring an annual expenditure of Rs 25,000 only.
Extensive farming advantagesFor many crop and animal units they have much lower requirements for fertilisers, medicines, pesticides, water and energy. There will also be less damage to the environment and soil, due to overall lower stocking rate and minimal use of artificial chemicals.
Extensive farming involves no feeding and no, or minimal, fertilization, semi-intensive some supplementary feeding and fertilization, and intensive steady supply of feed and fertilizers.
Intensive Farming refers to an agricultural system, wherein there is high level use of labor and capital, in comparison to the land area. Extensive Farming is a farming technique, in which large farms are being cultivated, with relatively lower inputs, i.e. capital and labor.
An intensive fish farming system is the well-managed form of fish farming, in which all attempts are made to achieve maximum production of fish from a minimum quantity of water. This system involves small ponds/tanks/raceways with very high stocking density (10-50 fish/m3 of water). Fish are fed wholly formulated feed.
This is often referred to as the stocking density. Fish occupy three dimensional spaces and therefore any estimate of density, whether number of animals or biomass, has to be related to the volume not area and is therefore measured in cubic meters.
When the fish becomes a major commodity of this system it is known as integrated fish farming (IFF). Thus, the practice of Combining Fish Culture with Agriculture or livestock for full Utilization of resources and increased production is commonly known as Integrated Fish Farming.
Rearing tank - a tank where the fry are reared into fingerlings (to attain a size of 10 – 15 cm) and the culture duration is 2 – 3 months. The size of pond varies from 0.05 – 0.1 ha with water depth of 1.5 – 2.0 m.
