Mismanagement, corruption, conflict and a harsh climate did the country no favors, and Chad has consistently remained one of the poorest countries in Africa. Over half of Chad's population lives in poverty; this is partly a result of the harsh geographical conditions.
Native Libyans are primarily a mixture of Berbers and Arabs. Small Tuareg and Tebu tribal groups in southern Libya are nomadic or seminomadic. Among foreign residents, the largest groups are citizens of other African nations, including North Africans (primarily Egyptians and Tunisians), and Sub-Saharan Africans.
With an area of almost 700,000 square miles (1.8 million km
2), Libya is the fourth largest country in Africa and is the 16th largest country in the world.
Libya.
| State of Libya ???? ????? (Arabic) Dawlat Lībiyā |
|---|
| Official languages | Arabic |
| Spoken languages | Libyan Arabic Berber Teda |
| Ethnic groups | Arab-Berber 97% Others 3% |
Libya isn't safe and many governments are advising their citizens against traveling to Libya because of the current conflict following the bloody war to oust the Gadaffi dictatorship. This country is dangerous and if you're currently in Libya, make plans to leave as soon as the opportunity presents itself.
The national flag of Libya was changed at that time to reflect Libyan revulsion at Sādāt's break with the anti-Israel front of Arab states. In its place Qaddafi established a plain green flag in November 1977, symbolic of the “Green Revolution” that he promised would bring a new life for the people.
The Aozou Strip became the object of a fierce sovereignty dispute after Libya occupied the region in 1973 and unilaterally annexed it in 1975. Over the next 15 years, armed conflicts periodically erupted between Libya and Chad as each nation tried to assert its control over the strip.
Where is the Aouzou Strip located? What type of boundary is it? Between Chad and Libya. A geometric boundary.
A relic boundary is one that no longer functions but can still be detected on the cultural landscape. One example is the Berlin Wall, which was built in 1961 by Soviet controlled East Germany to contain the portion of the city that had been given over to America, England, and France to administer.
Geometric boundaries are formed by straight lines (such as lines of latitude or longitude), or occasionally arcs (Pennsylvania/Delaware), regardless of the physical and cultural features of the area. The Canada/US border along the 49th parallel is an example of a geometric boundary.
Chad is the fifth largest country in Africa and ranks second among Sahelian countries after Sudan. Chad's land surface presents a dramatic variety of geographic contrasts. The vast northern third is located in the Sahara Desert and is sparsely populated, home to just 1 percent of Chad's population.
The Chad–Nigeria border is 85 km (53 m) in length and consists of a single diagonal line running NW to SE from the tripoint with Niger in the north to the tripoint with Cameroon in the south.
Libya's climate is dominated by the hot arid Sahara, but it is moderated along the coastal littoral by the Mediterranean Sea. The Saharan influence is stronger in summer. The desert climate of the Sahara reaches the coast along the southern fringes of the Gulf of Sidra, where Al-?amrāyah (Sirte) Desert borders the sea.
Per capita income stood at almost $12,000, making Libya the wealthiest country in Africa. For much of its history, Libya was rich because of its abundant oil reserves. Oil production accounted for 80 percent of Libya's GDP, providing citizens with free education, healthcare and welfare services.
The economy of Libya depends primarily on revenues from the petroleum sector, which represents over 95% of export earnings and 60% of GDP. These oil revenues and a small population have given Libya one of the highest nominal per capita GDP in Africa.
The war broke out because Italy claimed that, as the heir of the Roman Empire, she was entitled to rule over former Roman territories. Since Libya was the sole Mediterranean region not claimed by another European power, it was the only territory Italy could dominate.
The country is best known for its ancient Greek and Roman ruins and Sahara desert landscapes. Libya is not issuing tourist visas now. Libyan borders with Chad, Niger, Sudan and Algeria are closed.
The name of Libya was changed several times during Gaddafi's tenure as leader. From 1969 to 1977, the name was the Libyan Arab Republic. The country was renamed again in 1986 as the Great Socialist People's Libyan Arab Jamahiriya, after the 1986 United States bombing of Libya.
There are several highlands but no true mountain ranges except in the largely empty southern desert near the Chadian border, where the Tibesti Massif rises to over 2,200 metres. A relatively narrow coastal strip and highland steppes immediately south of it are the most productive agricultural regions.
Roughly two million people died as a result of war, famine and disease caused by the conflict. Four million people in
southern Sudan were displaced at least once (and normally repeatedly) during the war.
Second Sudanese Civil War.
| Date | 5 June 1983 – 9 January 2005 (21 years, 7 months and 4 days) |
|---|
| Location | Blue Nile, Nuba Mountains, Southern Sudan |
According to the most recent census, in 2014-15, 52.1 percent of the population is Muslim, 23.9 percent Protestant, 20 percent Roman Catholic, 0.3 percent animist, 0.2 percent other Christian, 2.8 percent no religion, and 0.7 percent unspecified. Most Muslims adhere to the Sufi Tijaniyah tradition.
Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. The most recent Chadian Civil War began in December 18, 2005. Since its independence from France in 1960, Chad has been swamped by the civil war between the Arab-Muslims of the north and the Sub-Saharan-Christians of the south.
Toyota War
| Date | December 16, 1986 – September 11, 1987 (8 months, 3 weeks and 5 days) |
|---|
| Location | Borkou-Ennedi-Tibesti Prefecture, Chad |
| Result | Decisive Chadian and French victory Expulsion of Libyan forces from Chad |
When did Chad gain its independence?
The government of Chad recognizes French and Arabic as the country's two official languages. From 1900 until 1960, Chad was a French colony and all public services were carried out in the French language. This use of the language continues today. French is the language of both government and education.
Chad was a part of the French colonial empire from 1900 to 1960. Colonial rule under the French began in 1900 when the Military Territory of Chad was established. From 1905, Chad was linked to the federation of French colonial possessions in Middle Africa, known from 1910 under the name of French Equatorial Africa.
Chad is an ethnically diverse nation with a very interesting and colorful culture. The Colonial French rule has influenced their contemporary society, but about 200 ethnic groups still live in the country. Although there have been plenty of attempts to unify them, they continue to live and operate autonomously.
