German: from Middle High German kirche 'church' + hof 'court', 'yard', hence a topographic name for someone dwelling near a churchyard or at a farm situated by a church or owned by the Church.
Kirchhoff's loop rule states that the algebraic sum of potential differences, including voltage supplied by the voltage sources and resistive elements, in any loop must be equal to zero.
What did Kirchhoff discovered?
In 1860 Robert Bunsen and Gustav Kirchhoff discovered two alkali metals, cesium and rubidium, with the aid of the spectroscope they had invented the year before. These discoveries inaugurated a new era in the means used to find new elements.
Chapter 1 - Resistor FundamentalsKirchhoff's laws are essential for resistor network theory. They were formulated by the German scientist Gustav Kirchhoff in 1845. The laws describe the conservation of energy and charge in electrical networks. They are also called Kirchhoff's circuit laws.
Kirchhoff's first law applies to currents at a junction in a circuit. It states that at a junction in an electrical circuit, the sum of currents flowing into the junction is equal to the sum of currents flowing out of the junction.
Kirchhoff's Rules
- Kirchhoff's first rule—the junction rule. The sum of all currents entering a junction must equal the sum of all currents leaving the junction.
- Kirchhoff's second rule—the loop rule. The algebraic sum of changes in potential around any closed circuit path (loop) must be zero.
Kirchhoff's second law applies to voltage drops across components in a circuit. It states that around any closed loop in a circuit, the directed sum of potential differences across components is zero.
Kirchhoff's laws are used to help us understand how current and voltage work within a circuit. They can also be used to analyze complex circuits that can't be reduced to one equivalent resistance using what you already know about series and parallel resistors.
physicist Gustav Robert Kirchhoff
Kirchhoff's laws quantify how current flows through a circuit and how voltage varies around a loop in a circuit. Kirchhoff's current law (1st Law) states that the current flowing into a node (or a junction) must be equal to the current flowing out of it. This is a consequence of charge conservation.
As the two currents entering junction E are 3 amps and 2 amps respectively, the sum of the currents entering point F is therefore: 3 + 2 = 5 amperes. Thus ΣIN = IT = 5 amperes and therefore Kirchhoff's current law holds true as this is the same value as the current leaving point A.
Kirchhoff's junction rule says that the total current into a junction equals the total current out of the junction. This is a statement of conservation of charge.
an equality expressing the temperature dependence of the thermal quantities associated with a chemical reaction through the difference in heat capacities between the products and reactants.
In 1860 Robert Bunsen and Gustav Kirchhoff discovered two alkali metals, cesium and rubidium, with the aid of the spectroscope they had invented the year before. These discoveries inaugurated a new era in the means used to find new elements.
Gustav Robert Kirchhoff (12 March 1824 – 17 October 1887) was a German physicist who contributed to the fundamental understanding of electrical circuits, spectroscopy, and the emission of black-body radiation by heated objects.
Robert Wilhelm Eberhard Bunsen (* 30. März 1811 in Göttingen; †16. August 1899 in Heidelberg) war ein deutscher Chemiker. Zusammen mit Gustav Robert Kirchhoff entdeckte er 1861 Caesium und Rubidium und entwickelte die Spektralanalyse, mit deren Hilfe chemische Elemente hochspezifisch nachgewiesen werden können.
Figure 3.6: The three conditions that give rise to the three Kirchoff's laws for the creation of a continuous, absorption, and emission spectrum. Like Kepler's laws of planetary motion, these are empirical laws.
potassium chloriden. A colorless crystalline solid or powder, KCl, used widely in fertilizers and in the preparation of most potassium compounds. Also called muriate of potash, potassium muriate.
Kirchhoff's loop rule states that the algebraic sum of potential differences, including voltage supplied by the voltage sources and resistive elements, in any loop must be equal to zero.
