| 79th United States Congress |
|---|
| Senate Majority | Democratic |
| House Majority | Democratic |
| Sessions |
| 1st: January 3, 1945 – December 21, 1945 2nd: January 14, 1946 – August 2, 1946 |
It was held on Tuesday, November 7, 1944. The election took place during World War II. Incumbent Democratic President Franklin D. Roosevelt defeated Republican Thomas E. Dewey to win an unprecedented fourth term.
The 1944 United States presidential election was the 40th quadrennial presidential election. It was held on Tuesday, November 7, 1944. The election took place during World War II. Incumbent Democratic President Franklin D. Roosevelt defeated Republican Thomas E. Dewey to win an unprecedented fourth term.
| 77th United States Congress |
|---|
| Senate President pro tem | Pat Harrison (D) until June 22, 1941 Carter Glass (D) from July 11, 1941 |
| House Speaker | Sam Rayburn (D) |
| Members | 96 senators 435 members of the House 4 non-voting delegates |
| Senate Majority | Democratic |
The 111th United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government from January 3, 2009, until January 3, 2011. It began during the last two weeks of the George W. Bush administration, with the remainder spanning the first two years of Barack Obama's presidency.
November 8, 1994: Republican Revolution: The Republican Party won control of both the House and the Senate in midterm congressional elections, the first time in 40 years the Republicans secured control of both houses of Congress.
| 110th United States Congress |
|---|
| Senate Majority | Democratic (coalition) |
| House Majority | Democratic |
| Sessions |
| 1st: January 4, 2007 – December 19, 2007 2nd: January 3, 2008 – January 3, 2009 |
| 113th United States Congress |
|---|
| Senate Majority | Democratic |
| House Majority | Republican |
| Sessions |
| 1st: January 3, 2013 – December 26, 2013 2nd: January 3, 2014 – December 16, 2014 |
The heavy Democratic Party losses in 2010 were attributed to anger at President Obama, opposition to the Affordable Care Act, large budget deficits and the weak economy.
The Democratic Party controlled a majority in both chambers for the first time since the end of the 103rd Congress in 1995. Although the Democrats held fewer than 50 Senate seats, they had an operational majority because the two independent senators caucused with the Democrats for organizational purposes.
Party affiliation
| Affiliation | Members |
|---|
| Republican Party | 53 |
| Democratic Party | 45 |
| Independent | 2 |
| Total | 100 |
Republicans ended unified Democratic control of Congress and the presidency by winning a majority in the House of Representatives. Republicans picked up seven Senate seats (including a special election held in January 2010) but failed to gain a majority in the chamber.
Republicans had not held the majority in the House for forty years, since the 83rd Congress (elected in 1952). From 1933 to 1995, Republicans had controlled both House and Senate for only four years.
Senators elected to regular terms in 2014 are finishing their terms in this Congress and House seats were apportioned based on the 2010 Census. In the November 2018 midterm elections, the Democratic Party won a new majority in the House, while the Republican Party increased its majority in the Senate.
| 116th United States Congress |
|---|
| Senate Majority | Republican |
| House Majority | Democratic |
| Sessions |
| 1st: January 3, 2019 – January 3, 2020 2nd: January 3, 2020 – present |
In the United States, divided government describes a situation in which one party controls the executive branch while another party controls one or both houses of the legislative branch. Opponents, however, argue that divided governments become lethargic, leading to many gridlocks. In the late 1980s, Terry M.
2012 United States House of Representatives elections
| Leader | John Boehner | Nancy Pelosi |
| Party | Republican | Democratic |
| Leader since | January 3, 2007 | January 3, 2003 |
| Leader's seat | Ohio 8th | California 12th |
| Last election | 242 seats, 51.7% | 193 seats, 44.9% |
Obama defeated Romney, winning a majority of both the popular vote and the Electoral College. Obama won 51.1% of the popular vote compared to Romney's 47.2%.
The 2014 elections gave the Republicans control of the Senate (and control of both houses of Congress) for the first time since the 109th Congress.
| 114th United States Congress |
|---|
| U.S. Capitol (2016) |
| January 3, 2015 – January 3, 2017 |
| Senate President | Joe Biden (D) |
| Senate President pro tem | Orrin Hatch (R) |
The Democratic nominee, President Barack Obama, and his running mate, Vice President Joe Biden, were elected to a second term. They defeated the Republican ticket of businessman and former Governor Mitt Romney of Massachusetts and Representative Paul Ryan of Wisconsin.
| United States Senate |
|---|
| Majority Leader | Mitch McConnell (R) since January 3, 2015 |
| Minority Leader | Chuck Schumer (D) since January 3, 2017 |
| Majority Whip | John Thune (R) since January 3, 2019 |
| Minority Whip | Dick Durbin (D) since January 3, 2015 |
It met in Washington, D.C. from January 3, 2015, to January 3, 2017, during the final two full years of Barack Obama's presidency. The 2014 elections gave the Republicans control of the Senate (and control of both houses of Congress) for the first time since the 109th Congress.
Majority Leaders of the House (1899 to present)
| Congress and Years | Name | Party |
|---|
| 113th (2013–2015) | MCCARTHY, Kevin 13 | Republican |
| 114th (2015–2017) | MCCARTHY, Kevin | Republican |
| 115th (2017–2019) | MCCARTHY, Kevin | Republican |
| 116th (2019–2021) | HOYER, Steny Hamilton | Democrat |
