Bladder. This triangle-shaped, hollow organ is located in the lower abdomen. It is held in place by ligaments that are attached to other organs and the pelvic bones. The bladder's walls relax and expand to store urine, and contract and flatten to empty urine through the urethra.
Urine leaves the bladder via the urethra, a single muscular tube ending in an opening called the urinary meatus, where it exits the body.
There are a number of bladder issues that can affect women, and the most common are: Urinary tract infection (UTI) that affects the bladder (cystitis) Urinary incontinence. Overactive bladder.
Epithelial tissues line the outer surfaces of organs and blood vessels throughout the body, as well as the inner surfaces of cavities in many internal organs. An example is the epidermis, the outermost layer of the skin.
The ureter is lined by urothelial cells, a type of transitional epithelium, and has an additional smooth muscle layer in third closest to the bladder that assists with peristalsis.
The bladder wall is made of many layers, including: Urothelium or transitional epithelium. This is the layer of cells that lines the inside of the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra. Cells in this layer are called urothelial cells or transitional cells.
When the bladder is full of urine, stretch receptors in the bladder wall trigger the micturition reflex. The detrusor muscle that surrounds the bladder contracts. The internal urethral sphincter relaxes, allowing for urine to pass out of the bladder into the urethra. Both of these reactions are involuntary.
circulating connective tissue
Transitional epithelium is a stratified tissue made of multiple cell layers, where the cells constituting the tissue can change shape depending on the distention in the organ. This epithelium is found lining the urinary bladder, ureters and urethra, as well as in the ducts of the prostrate gland.
Urinary Bladder. The wall of the urinary bladder has four layers. From the inside towards the outside they are: mucosa, submucosa, muscularis, and serosa or adventitia.
The urethra is approximately 4 cm long in the female. It is imbedded in the connective tissue supporting the anterior vagina. The urethra is composed of an inner epithelial lining, a spongy submucosa, a middle smooth muscle layer, and an outer fibroelastic connective-tissue layer.
It is composed of connective tissue with elastic fibers. The next layer is the muscularis, which is composed of smooth muscle. The smooth muscle fibers are interwoven in all directions and, collectively, these are called the detrusor muscle. Contraction of this muscle expels urine from the bladder.
The parenchyma of the kidney is epithelial tissue (renal tubules and corpuscles). The blood vessels, nerves, and supporting connective tissue of the kidney comprise the stroma.
Pelvic parasympathetic nerves: arise at the sacral level of the spinal cord, excite the bladder, and relax the urethra.
Sacral nerve stimulation (SNS).That's the site of your sacral nerve, which carries signals between your bladder, spinal cord, and brain that tell you when you need to urinate.
The bladder is a subperitoneal, hollow muscular organ that acts as a reservoir for urine. The bladder is located in the lesser pelvis when empty and extends into the abdominal cavity when full. In children, the bladder is located in the abdomen and does not completely descend into the pelvis until puberty.
Signs of a bladder problem can include:
- Inability to hold urine or leaking urine (called urinary incontinence)
- Needing to urinate eight or more times in one day.
- Waking up many times at night to urinate.
- Sudden and urgent need to urinate.
- Pain or burning before, during, or after urinating.
- Cloudy or bloody urine.
The trigone (a.k.a. vesical trigone) is a smooth triangular region of the internal urinary bladder formed by the two ureteric orifices and the internal urethral orifice. The area is very sensitive to expansion and once stretched to a certain degree, the urinary bladder signals the brain of its need to empty.
Your sacral micturition center is an area of the spinal cord at the base of the spine. This is the area of the spinal cord that controls your bladder and sphincter.
Tighten your pelvic floor muscles, hold the contraction for three seconds, and then relax for three seconds. Try it a few times in a row. When your muscles get stronger, try doing Kegel exercises while sitting, standing or walking. Maintain your focus.
A healthy bladder can hold one and a half to two cups (300-400mls) of urine (wee) during the day and about four cups (800mls) at night. It is normal to pass urine five or six times a day if you drink between 6-8 glasses of fluid.
Unlike the mucosa of other hollow organs, the urinary bladder is lined with transitional epithelial tissue that is able to stretch significantly to accommodate large volumes of urine. The transitional epithelium also provides protection to the underlying tissues from acidic or alkaline urine.
